Category: Blog

Mathematical analysis of numbers, structures, and change dates back thousands of years. It has its roots in ancient philosophy. Although mathematics, often known as “The queen of sciences,” is frequently used for computations, measures, and counting, it is also a complicated area that encompasses theories, the creation of legal precedents, and identifying patterns. After attending the best math universities, many math majors go on to have highly lucrative and successful professions in computing, accounting, engineering, science, banking, and business. It falls under the category of STEM, which employers prize highly when hiring new staff. In the article below, you will learn about the scope of BS Mathematics in 2023.  

Career Prospects of BS Mathematics   

BS Mathematics is the golden ticket to a successful career in the national and international market. It is a four-year degree program. Upon completion, the general job areas you can join after completing BS Mathematics are as follows.  

• Market Researcher  
• Statistician  
• Acoustic Consultant  
• Actuarial Analyst  
• Data Scientist  
• Data Analyst  
• Teacher  

These are all the possible career prospects for the graduates of BS Mathematics. You can either join the government sector, the semi-government sector, or the private sector. All these sectors are open with various job opportunities. In addition, in the finance sector, the insurance sectors have significant actuarial positions. Moreover, the chances are even brighter if you pursue your studies in MS and PhD programs.  

Salary Scope After BS Mathematics Pakistan  

According to the research, the compensation ranges from job to job, sector to sector. For instance, after doing a BS Mathematics, a person can work as a teacher, actuary, investment banker, or civil servant. The salary and compensation range differs from seat to seat. However, the general range of earning potential lies between 19k to 902k and everything in between.  

Subjects of BS Mathematics Curriculum  

The subject curriculum is decided as per the policy of the higher education commission (HEC) in Pakistan. All institutions work accordingly. However, the content, teaching resources and practical and digital efforts distinguish a college from a college. The results speak larger than words.  

The study plan requires 130 credit hour completion. The whole scheme includes a variety of general, foundation, compulsory and elective courses to equip students with the latest, upgraded, and wholesome education covering the mathematics discipline in detail.  

Subsequently, subjects like calculus, analytical geometry, functional English, discreet mathematics, computer, topology, analysis, and probability are included in the study scheme.  

Choose the Best College for BS Mathematics  

Numerous institutions are offering a BS in Mathematics in Pakistan. However, choosing the one with an educational excellence legacy is best—the one having the best state-of-the-art facilities and a degree from a reputed and prestigious institution. We are talking about the BS Mathematics from UCP (University of Central Punjab) colleges. These are the project of prominent education providers known as Punjab Group. The UCP, CUST, and MAJU (Muhammad Ali Jinnah University) are the sister concerns of the Punjab Group of Colleges.  

Life at Punjab Colleges 

Life at Punjab Group of Colleges PGC is super exciting. The same tradition is expanded throughout the degree and graduate levels in all the sister colleges of Punjab Group. The students have an equal opportunity to gain professional knowledge in addition to extra-curricular activities. Several societies working in full swing relate to a diverse range of causes. Some include seminars, dramatics, sports, recreational trips, environment-friendly initiatives and many more activities regularly conducted throughout the year.  

State-of-the-Art Facilities 

While studying at Punjab Colleges, students have facilities throughout the campuses. The regular and uninterrupted power supply, customized campuses, and book-loaded libraries are the common and admiring positive attractions at PGC Colleges. In addition, digitally upgraded classrooms, equipped labs, and a fresh and clean cafeteria are always available to utilise.  

Scholarship Options at Punjab Colleges 

The network of punjab colleges is widely spread in the province of Punjab. It offers an opportunity for students to get world-class classroom education. In addition, scholarship options are duly available for students. Some of the prominent types are as the following.  

• Merit Scholarships are primarily available for BS mathematics and other disciplines.  
• Semester Scholarships  
• ADP-Associate Degree Program Scholarships  
• CGPA Performance-Based Scholarship  
• PGC -Punjab Group of Colleges Alumni Scholarship  
• Kinship Scholarship Options  

You can check out the scholarship options for BS Mathematics in the link here. In addition, to check out the availability of BS Mathematics in your city with fee structure you can click here.  

Opportunities for Further Studies After BS Mathematics  

After completing your BS in Mathematics, you can get admission to MS Mathematics and PhD for the doctoral level of studies. There is no looking back with such a highly demanded degree with a massively large specialization in mathematics.  

Admissions are Open   

The admissions for the year are open now. You can check out the details and requirements here. It is a golden chance to study in a prestigious and growth-oriented institution in Pakistan.  

Cancer is a magnanimous term, including multiple diseases caused by the abnormal growth of cells inside the human body. Cancer in breasts- breast cancer is the most common cause of women dying off. The frequency of deaths due to breast cancer is increasing with every passing year. Every year, the month of October is observed as the month of Breast Cancer Awareness Month worldwide. Pink Ribbons are the symbolic representation of support to breast cancer victims. In the following article, we will list complete, comprehensive, and informative facts about women in Pakistan and breast cancer to spread awareness.  

What Is Breast Cancer?  

When the cells in the breast grow out of the regular pattern, they develop breast cancer. Breast cancer is more common in women, but men are also prone to the disease. There is no scientific evidence that men stay safe from any chances of developing breast cancer. Breast Cancer is more prone to appear after the age of 40 and menopause among women. The causes of breast cancer are as follows.  

Causes Of Breast Cancer?  

Cells are the basic building blocks inside the human body. The group of cells together makes a tissue. There is a natural procedure of cell production, growth, and death inside the body. When there is a disturbance in the normal cycle and working of cell production and decomposition, the healthy cells get manipulated with the bad DNA or cell inside the tissues, which results in tumours or cancer inside the body, causing damage. The same is the case with breast tissues and cancer.  

No such causes of breast cancer are the only responsible ones. There are multiple causes, but risk factors are often associated with breast cancer development inside both men and women habitants. However, genetics, environmental and personal factors are highly affecting in causing the disease.  

Risk Factors Associated with Breast Cancer  

The risk factors associated with breast cancer are generally developed into two types: fixed risk factors and modified risk factors. The fixed risk factors are unchangeable, like age, psychological status, genetics, and gender. On the contrary, the modified risk factors can be changed with efforts like habits, lifestyle, and living location.  

Genetic Factors  

The factors like age, gender, race, obesity, family history, personal histories like earlier such as diagnosis, menstrual and reproductive history, and breast tissue density.  

Lifestyle and Environmental Factors  

Poor diet, lack of physical activity, being overweight or obese, use of substances and alcohol, and therapies to the breasts before the age of 30 increases the risk of breast cancer.  

Facts About Breast Cancer  

• In 2022, 287,500 cases of invasive breast cancer and 51,400 cases of non-invasive breast cancer were diagnosed in the US. Whereas in Pakistan, 25,928 patients were reported nationally in 2020.  
• Nearly 40 thousand women die due to breast cancer every year in Pakistan.  
• Pakistan has the highest incidence rate of breast cancer among the south Asian countries. Every 1 woman out of 9 is at risk.  
• Whereas in the US, 1 in 8 women is at risk.  

• Breast Cancer is also a men’s disease. In the US, 2710 men are calculated to be breast cancer effects. In Pakistan, 1-3 out of 9 men are at risk of breast cancer.  

Types Of Breast Cancer  

I am starting with types of breast cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer, and metastatic breast cancer are the types of breast cancer.  

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a form of non-invasive cancer in which the lining of the breast milk duct has been found to contain abnormal cells. The surrounding breast tissue has not been invaded by the abnormal cells that have left the ducts. Ductal carcinoma in situ is a relatively curable, early-stage cancer that has the potential to spread to the breast tissue if ignored or undiagnosed.  

With Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), aberrant cancer cells that initially developed in the milk ducts have moved outside the ducts and into other breast tissues. Invasive cancer cells can also spread to different body regions. Additionally known as infiltrative ductal carcinoma.  

• IDC accounts for 70–80% of all breast cancer diagnoses, making it the most prevalent.  
• IDC is the form of breast cancer that strikes men the most frequently.  

A condition known as Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) occurs when abnormal cells are discovered in the breast’s lobules. The abnormal cells outside of the lobules have not invaded the surrounding breast tissue.  

LCIS seldom develops into invasive carcinoma and is very curable. However, if you have LCIS in one breast, you are more likely to get breast cancer in either breast.  

Breast cancer that has invaded the epidermis and lymphatic vessels of the breast is referred to as inflammatory breast cancer. It frequently results in no clear tumour or lump that is localised in the breast and can be felt. However, symptoms start to show up when the breast cancer cells obstruct the lymph veins.  

Breast cancer in Stage 4 also includes metastatic disease. Other bodily areas have been affected by cancer’s spread. Typically, this involves the brain, bones, liver, lungs, or liver.  

Stages of Breast Cancer   

There are four breast cancer stages: stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, and stage 4. In the following, a piece of information about all stages is available.  

Stage 1  

Cancer is present in stage 1 breast cancer, although it is confined to the region where the first aberrant cells first appeared. Because it was found early, breast cancer can be treated very well. One can subdivide Stage 1 into Stage 1A and Stage 1B. The size of the tumour and the number of lymph nodes showing signs of malignancy define the difference.  

Stage 1 is very manageable, but it does need medical attention, usually in the form of surgery, radiation therapy, or a combination of the two. In addition, depending on the sort of cancer cells discovered and your extra risk factors, you might think about hormone therapy. Like stage 0, the initial stages of cancer frequently do not require chemotherapy.  

Stage 2  

When breast cancer is in stage 2, it is either still contained within the breast, or the tumour has only reached the adjacent lymph nodes.  

Level 2A and Stage 2B are the two groups that make up this stage. The difference affects the tumour’s size and whether the breast cancer has progressed to the lymph nodes. Chemotherapy is typically used for Stage 2 breast cancer before surgery and radiation treatment.  

Stage 3  

Breast cancer in stage 3 has expanded past the tumour’s original area and may have entered surrounding muscles and lymph nodes, but it has not yet reached distant organs. Even though this stage is regarded as advanced, more efficient treatment options are available.  

Level 3A, Stage 3B, and Stage 3C are the three groups that make up this stage. The distinction is based on the tumour’s size and whether the malignancy has spread to the lymph nodes and nearby tissue.  

Stage 4  

Breast cancer reaches stage 4 and goes to the brain, bones, lungs, liver, and other organs. Even though Stage 4 breast cancer is incurable, it is typically manageable. Because of recent developments in science and medicine, more women can manage their condition as a chronic illness with quality of life as their top priority. Stage 4 breast cancer may respond to a number of treatment choices that can extend your life for several years with quality care and support, as well as individual motivation.  

Myths About Breast Cancer  

• There are various myths about breast cancer which need to be burst. Some of the most commonly-known breast cancer myths are as follows.  
• Men do not get breast cancer- Contrary to the statement, men are also prone to the disease of breast cancer. Although, the ratio is lesser in men as compared to women.  
• Deodorants and antiperspirants cause breast cancer- There is no truth in this myth.  
• Breast Cancer is contagious- However, you cannot catch breast cancer from one body to another body. It is caused by a miscalculation inside the human body- an entirely functional and chemical problem of human biology.  

Breast Cancer in Pakistan   

According to the study, Pakistan has a 19.33 per cent breast cancer growth rate among the world countries. It stands the country at the world rank of 58. In addition, women in Pakistan are not so aware of it. Therefore, they do not put enough care and focus on their breasts’ health until the stage advances and becomes uncurable.  

Preventive Measures for Breast Cancer  

Breast self-examination can help you become more aware of your breasts. Consult a doctor immediately if you notice any changes, lumps, or other strange symptoms.  

Stay Active: Set a goal to work out for 30 minutes daily, at least five days a week.  

Do not overuse postmenopausal hormones: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of hormone therapy with your doctor.  

Maintain a healthy weight: If you are overweight, reduce your weight. Reduce your calorie intake while gradually increasing your workout.  

Make a conscious effort to eat a healthy diet, concentrating primarily on plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts. Pick healthy fats over unhealthy ones, such as olive oil over butter and fish, instead of red meat.  

Breastfeed your kids: Studies have shown that breastfeeding reduces a mother’s risk of developing pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer.  

Conclusion  

Breast Cancer is a deadly disease—many people lose their precious life at the hands of breast cancer. In Pakistan, the awareness about it is far less in comparison to developed countries. In addition, women are not conscious of their health due to economic, educational, and social barriers. It is high time to make people equally aware of breast cancer to safeguard human lives. Let us come together to make our people aware of breast cancer and break the stigma to develop the confidence to keep diligent care of ourselves. It is better to say every ribbon makes a difference. Play your part today for a better tomorrow.  

Do you want to have your master’s degree in a different culture in a more developed country with more opportunities? Then consider the Fulbright scholarship, For the best experience. It is the most prestigious scholarship programme offered in the US, as the cultural exchange programme welcomes students from all over the world to study in the US under distinct types of scholarships and for various disciplines. To know more details, please read the article below.

What are Fulbright Scholarships? 

The Fulbright Scholarship is the most prestigious scholarship programme in the world. It was initiated by a Fulbright senator in 1946. Senator J William Bright presented the bill before Congress in 1945. His aim was to bring a little more knowledge, a little skill and a little more information to the USA. Therefore, The Fulbright scholarship programme is one of the biggest cultural exchange initiatives in the world, offered to students worldwide. In addition to US students, scholars, and professionals to study in the USA. In any discipline. Whatever they want to pursue.
 

• The Fulbright Scholarship programme is Cable for that academic year. Which normally starts from May to August every year.
   
• The full-back scholarship is a prestigious scholarship programme in the USA ground and international scenarios.
   
• The main motive of the Fulbright Scholarship presentation is to pursue cultural exchange among students with knowledge and skills around the world in the United States of America. 
   
• The Fulbright Scholarship Programme is a fully funded scholarship. It covers all the expenses ranging from trip expenses, health insurance, and other necessary expenses to spend a reasonable student life in the host country. However, the number of dollars which are receivable by the scholars differs and varies from country to country. The commission of a Fulbright Scholarship in a particular country can help out students who are looking for complete information on the Fulbright scholarship and their country. 

Divisions of Fulbright Scholarships 

The Fullbright scholarships are available for US students, scholars, teachers, and professionals. In the same way, they are available for students, professionals, teachers, and scholars from 140 countries around the globe. However, the program’s scholarships are not limited to one single discipline or type. The range is magnanimous, which is introduced below. 

Opportunities for U.S. Citizens 

The Fulbright US Scholar programme offers 800 awards globally in more than 135 countries annually for US students and professionals. The students can conduct their research and grow in their professional life with worldwide opportunities. Various programmes are available in the Fulbright programme for US nationals. 

The Fulbright Scholar award includes multiple opportunities, like scholar awards, global scholar awards, and public policy fellowships with Arctic Initiative and Amazoni recently for U.S. citizens. In addition to the scholar award. There are doctoral scholar awards. Fulbright International Administrator awards.  

Opportunities For Non-U.S. Citizens 

There are numerous opportunities available for non-US citizens under the Fulbright programme. Visiting scholars programme, scholars in residence programme, enrichment programmes, outreach lecturing programmes. Other programmes for students, professionals and teachers are available for both non-us citizens and U.S. citizens.
 

Who is eligible for Fulbright scholarships? 

There is a small list of requirements that need to be fulfilled to earn the Fulbright Scholarship. You can earn your Fulbright scholarship as an undergraduate student. But the critical point to be noted here is that in order to obtain educational opportunities abroad for your master’s, it is essential that your undergraduate degree is completed and you have earned it.  

It is essential to complete the following documents and requirements and apply for the Fulbright Scholarship in the limited time slot. Father, the relevant academic year. The requirements of Fulbright scholarships are understated as the following. 

• Have a bachelor’s degree, complete with the transcript. 
• The language proficiency proof and skill test results. 
• Research grant proposal as a part of the application.  
• 3 Academic letters of recommendation. 
• School affiliation letter from the institution that you are studying in. 
• Your personal statement- explaining your intention with the future perspective of earning the Fulbright Scholarship. 

How to apply for the Fulbright scholarship programme In Pakistan? 

Since 2005, the Fulbright Scholarship Pakistan programme has been the largest scholarship programme funded by the US Government. Therefore in 2022, United States Educational Foundation in Pakistan received 11191 applications nationwide. After close consideration, a total of 213 scholarships from different universities were selected. Notably, the Pakistan government is also working with the US-funded programme to support the 25 doctoral students. 

People are encouraged to work in any field except medicine. A Pakistani applicant must have been a permanent resident of Pakistan during the training programme. In addition, a student applying for Masters’s degree programme under a full-price scholarship must complete four years bachelor’s programme. It is a 16-year education in Pakistan having a good GRE result. 136 in quantitative sections and 138 in verbal sections is required according to the new scoring system.  

In addition to this, fresh graduates are always encouraged to apply for disciplines. Except for public policy and administration applicants, the reason is the following disciplines require two years of experience before pursuing the Masters’s degree under the Fulbright Scholarship programme. 

If you are looking for PhD admissions with a Fulbright Scholarship, 18 years of education is a pre-requisite. Both Masters and PhDs are open for all disciplines except clinical medicine. TOEFL is the language proficiency test required from selected applicants.  

Which disciplines are Covered in the Fulbright Scholarship? 

All disciplines, including Energy, Water, Agriculture, Health Education, Environmental science, and social sciences, are covered by Fulbright scholarship. However, the medical field is not covered under the scholarship programme because it requires a direct connection with contact patients, which makes it difficult to pursue. It must be noted that pharmaceuticals are not encouraged, however. Non-Medical public policy and public health initiatives are always welcomed under the Fullbright scholarship programme. 

Where to Start your process? 

While thinking about earning a US degree for Masters’s program in Pakistan, you can achieve your goal in a simple five-step process. Take step one and research your options. The second step is to finance your studies for the course of your studies. There comes the Fullbright scholarship comes into play. The third step is to complete your application as professionally as possible to win the Fulbright scholarship and achieve your goal. After that, the fourth step lies in applying for a student visa and finally, take the fifth and last step to prepare for your departure. 

Step 1: Researching the options means finding the best college unit fulfilling your needs. There is no ranking system in the US; the institution fulfilling your requirements and needs is the best for you. It is ideal to start searching around 10 to 12 months before proceeding. The institution must answer the following questions to provide you best study experience.  

• What do you want to study in the US? 
• Where do you want to live in the US? 
• Which college is fulfilling your requirements? 
• What are the financial requirements? 
• Do you need financial assistance and help?
   

Step 2: It is time to invest in yourself. You can see the Fulbright Scholarship options fulfilling your degree and college needs. As a non-US citizen, you can apply to the Fulbright Scholarship program while staying in Pakistan through the United States Education Commission Pakistan.  

Step 3: After writing down the options you have under the Fulbright Scholarship, it is time to complete the application for the scholarship and college for admission. The criteria of the college of your choice would be available on their respective website, whereas the Fulbright program requirements are available above.  

Now apply for a student visa and depart to attain your dream education in the land of opportunities-United States of America. 

Proceed with Fulbright Scholarship Program-Pakistan Chapter 

The platform fulfilling the requirements to connect Pakistani students to the prestigious Fulbright Scholarship program is known as the united states educational foundation in Pakistan ( USEFP) and The US Consulates in Pakistan.  

 

The Fulbright Scholarship program is a prestigious opportunity for students, professionals, and researchers to attain career excellence. It is a lifetime opportunity to link with people from diverse cultures and learn about the world as a single unit. The cultural exchange programs are a lifetime experience that gives skills, education, and friends all together. Do not miss your chance, apply for the next Fulbright Scholarship, and turn your dreams into reality.  

 

Maintaining and furthering uplifting standards of educational excellence, the Punjab Group of Colleges (PGC) is proud to announce that it has outshone all private and government colleges by securing a mammoth 176 top positions in intermediate exams across all boards in Punjab. 

It is pertinent here to mention that Punjab Colleges also secured the overall 1st position across all intermediate boards in Punjab. The 1st position was secured by one of our Lahore Board students, Muhammad Shamir, as he scored 1088/1100 marks. 

These achievements by our multi-talented students highlight years of hard work, commitment, dedication, and quality of education that the Punjab Group of Colleges (PGC) imparts to its students.

Being the largest educational network, PGC maintains a strong presence across the country, with 433 campuses in 124+ cities. Our nationwide presence is a testimonial to PGC’s commitment to making quality education accessible to every student, including those residing in remote and distant areas. Each purpose-built campus of PGC blends a premium faculty and is supported by the best teaching aids, fully-equipped labs, fully-stocked libraries, auditoriums, and free 24/7 E-learning facilities. Our highly qualified faculty possesses vast experience and impeccable professional reputations.

If you want to embark on a journey toward success and enlightenment, PGC invites you to become part of educational excellence. The window for intermediate or class 11 admissions is closing soon. You can apply online or submit your application by visiting the nearby campus.

Maintaining its legacy of educational excellence, Punjab Group of Colleges – the largest educational network in Pakistan – is proud to announce that its student Muhammad Shamir has secured overall 1st positions across all boards in Punjab in the intermediate exams 2022. Likewise, Shamir has secured the overall 1st position in the Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education (BISE) Lahore exams 2022 as well. 

Boards of Intermediate & Secondary Education (BISE) across Punjab announced their intermediate results today. Muhammad Shamir also secured 1st position in the pre-engineering group by scoring 1088/1100 marks. 

The achievement of our multi-talented student highlights years of hard work, commitment, dedication, and quality of education that the Punjab Group of Colleges (PGC) imparts to its students. 

Being the largest educational network, PGC maintains a strong presence across the country, with 433 campuses in 124+ cities. Our nationwide presence is a testimonial to PGC’s commitment to making quality education accessible to every student, including those residing in remote and distant areas. Each purpose-built campus of PGC blends a premium faculty and is supported by the best teaching aids, fully-equipped labs, fully-stocked libraries, an auditorium, and free 24/7 E-learning facilities. Our highly qualified faculty possesses vast experience and impeccable professional reputations.

If you want to embark on a journey toward success and enlightenment, PGC invites you to become part of educational excellence. The window for intermediate or class 11 admissions is closing soon. You can apply online or submit your application by visiting the nearby campus.

Punjab Group has added another feather to its cap by conducting a three-day conference at Alhamra Lahore. The forum has invited prominent and well-known speakers from all over the world. The talk is titled- Indus Conclave 2022. It is scheduled to be held from 14th October 2022 to 16th October 2022. Furthermore, Indus Conclave 2022 conference has been open for the public to attend in the last couple of days.  

About Indus Conclave 2022  

Indus Conclave 2022 is a three-day conference being held at Alhamra, Lahore. Punjab Group organizes the event and focuses on Arts, Climate Justice, Pakistani Cinema, and Urban Development.  

The conference has invited speakers ranging from business leaders, policymakers, diplomats, journalists, academics, writers, and environmentalists, to artists. These eminent people have massive experiences and a clear outlook on their subject matter.  

Speakers of Indus Conclave 2022  

You can expect thought-provoking conversations and discussions on diverse topics. Indus Conference 2022 is a depiction of the ancient Indus Valley- A water body serving land to bloom. Therefore, the ideas, solutions and modern perspectives are right to be expected at the conference setting.  

In addition, the speakers and organizers together are celebrating the cultural and literary heritage of our region and country. That is rich, advanced, and eloquent equally. The book launch is also included in the program. In addition, the digitalization and scope of its benefits are also addressed at the conference. Punjab Group knows the importance of digital Pakistan cannot be ignored these days!  

Justice Jawad Hassan, Najam Sethi and Salman Akram Raja & Justice Nasira Iqbal, Jehan Ara, Yasser Bashir, Dur e Aziz Amina, Bilal Tanveer, Mariam Tareen, Mosharraf Zaidi, Dr Zafar Mirza, Senator Ayesha Raza Farooq with Dr Shahzad Ali Chaudhry and Zulfiqar Jr. are some of the key speakers and prominent participants of the conference. You can check out the complete schedule here.  

Topics Addressed at Indus Conclave 2022  

From discussing the climate with past, and present standing to predict the future and safeguards. The conference has a critical eye on the development our country has done since the last 75 years of hard-earned independence.  

In addition, the literature, writing, and its essence with a western perspective are under discussion. On the other hand, digital age requirements are seen in accordance with Pakistan by digital giants.  

The event also has a book launch by the title- American Fever. In addition, music, arts, local people, and cities are the essence of the Indus Conclave 2022.  

The outlook from Indus Conclave 2022   

This conference aims to be a long-lasting gathering place for experienced experts, eminent thinkers, and aspiring innovators who are committed to making the world a more tranquil, just, and secure environment for everyone who lives in it. By hosting interactive workshops and displays, the conference also aims to highlight and explore the literary and cultural heritage of the area.  

 It can be said that this conference will pave the path for a creative, open-minded, and vigilant Pakistani society that thinks beyond mere and disturbing politics. The audience has an opportunity to take keynotes from speakers and to think openly. It is a massive chance for people who want to do something for Pakistan to see how experts in the fields see the country and perceive its future.  

Where, When and Why  

If you are a writer, urban developer, urban sole, reader, observer, book reader, music lover, art follower or a person or worker of a digital atmosphere, then this Indus conclave is for you! You will listen to the experts in your field that will help you get innovative ideas and thoughts with varied dimensions. This will enlighten your soul and brain to think ahead of what you already know.  

For instance, people who listen to the news can attend the ‘news and bias’s to differentiate between right and wrong as we experience the absence of actual news between the rating race! In addition, urban problems need serious attention and solutions to keep life going.  

Likewise, the arts and music lovers have a chance to see an art exhibition and learn about the present and future of music in Pakistan. However, climate change is real, and we have recently witnessed the destruction of floods in Pakistan. Therefore, it is crucial to do climate Justice. You can listen to experts on Indus Conclave 2022.  

 

Mental Health is the overall health of a person’s emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Over the years, distinctive disturbing elements like damaged personal life, endangered social belonging, and violence in surroundings affected human beings on physical, emotional, and psychological grounds. Therefore, an International Day of Awareness regarding mental health is observed every 10 October by WHO (World Health Organization) as world mental health day. Every year, new themes are incorporated to support the world’s habitat better place for all!  

What is Mental Health?  

Mental health is an individual’s capacity to feel, think, and act to achieve a better quality of life while respecting personal, social, and cultural boundaries. Impairment of any of these is a risk factor for mental disorders or mental illness, a component of mental health.  

Mental health covers a person’s emotional state, psychological elements, and social well-being. The mental health state affects cognition, perception and resulting behaviour.  

What are the Mental Disorders?  

Mental disorder, also known as a psychiatric disorder or mental illness commonly. A mental disorder is a pattern of behaviour or thought that seriously distresses a person or impairs their ability to operate. These characteristics may be ongoing, relapsing, or only present during specific episodes.  

There are numerous illnesses. Furthermore, the indications and symptoms of each differ significantly. A mental health expert may diagnose such conditions, typically a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist.  

World Health Organization (WHO) has listed mental illnesses as follows.  

Anxiety Disorders  

Behavioural disturbances like extreme fear and worrisome are a part of anxiety disorders. When the issue remains unaddressed, symptoms worsen with time, resulting in severe difficulty in normal functional behaviours. The patients remain in distress and in a state of disbelief.  

Depression  

According to studies, around 280 million people lived with depression in 2019. Depression is a severe dullness in the mood. It is different from regular mood fluctuation and natural emotional responses.  

Human anger, reaction, dullness, and mood swings are natural ways to respond to challenges that a human being faces. However, the extended episodes are depression if a person feels sad, irritable, and empty inside for at least two weeks. In addition, the person losing interest in beloved activities is a major sign.  

Bipolar Disorder  

Bipolar disorder swings the person between two extreme mood fluctuations. The condition may include severe depression and intense energy episodes. The person may feel down, with no interest, for one second, while in the next, he may feel energetic, happy, and vibrant. When this condition is long-lasting and ever-staying, it could be a symptom of bipolar disorder.  

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)  

As the name discloses, post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD) spouts out of the threatening, scary and harmful experiencing incident, event, or several events of similar nature.  

Schizophrenia  

Schizophrenia is characterized by significant obstacles in perception and changes in behaviour. Symptoms may include persistent delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, highly disorganized behaviour, or extreme unrest.  

Eating Disorders  

Eating disorders are the phycological problems associated with eating. Either a person eats too much or too little. Therefore, the weight, health, and life of people affected by eating disorders get at stake.  

Disruptive Behaviour  

Disruptive behaviour and dissocial disorders are characterized by persistent behaviour problems such as persistently defiant or disobedient to behaviours that violate the fundamental rights of others or central age-appropriate societal norms, rules, or laws. The onset of disruptive and dissocial disorders is not always common during childhood.  

Neuro-developmental Disorders  

Neuro-developmental Disorders are associated with disorders of intellect, autism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Therefore, routine activities are severely affected.  

One in every eight people is affected by some sort of mental disorder. Mental problems cause severe problems in thinking, emotional regulation, and behaviours.  

What factors affect mental health?  

The causes of mental health problems are all factors compromising human peace and happiness. However, the main reasons are classified as the following.  

• Genetics Of Person  
• Unfavourable Environment  
• Drug Usage  
• Chronic Illness  
• Temperamental and Emotionally Unbalanced Personality  

If any person in the direct bloodline has been affected by mental problems, the risk of being prone to mental issues increases. Likewise, with violence and no supportive hand, people become affected and indulge in disturbing surroundings. The escapes could be drugs and unbalanced personality traits like narcissism and uncontrollable emotions.  

Bad experiences at home, at work, with friends, and in relationships can push any person to the verge of emotional damage.  

Mental Health Issues in Women?  

Women are more prone to mental health problems in comparison to men. The underlying factors are social, economic, and personal issues. However, women talk about things more. Due to talking, they try to get their stress levels down. Women face issues like sexual harassment, poverty, problems at workplaces and due to medical conditions.  

Mental Health Issues in Men?  

Men have the colossal canvas to play. However, they fall prey to mental problems more at an early age than females. However, after a certain period, the men have lesser mental health issues.  

Men have many coping mechanisms like healthy eating habits, regular exercise, busy schedules, achievements, friends gatherings, and social meetups. Still, it is observed that men die more out of suicide, which is not caused by depression. On the other hand, drugs are more common in men as compared to women.  

Preventive Measures to Ensure Stability in Mental Health   

Mental health stability is necessary to have in any person and society. Close look-up and observation are required to identify the individual and social factors affecting the mental health triggers.  

Regular work is needed to prevent mental disorders and promote mental health worldwide. This work is not limited to the health sector of the country. However, every unit, as a family, extended family, and friends, is required to come close and talk about disturbing things together.  

Supporting each other in demanding situations is required to promote mental health. To decrease suicides, drugs, and disorders.  

Remedies in case of Mental Health Disorders  

However, if any problem encounters. Proper health treatments, medications and supports are available all around the world.  Doctors consultation and psychiatrists are available for help!

 

Stay vigilant about the importance of a person’s mental health, stability, and wellness. World Health Organisation WHO works closely internationally to bring awareness of the importance of mental health. That is why international world health day is observed each year.  

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Technology is developing rapidly in Pakistan. The scope of computer sciences and the expansion in computer engineering is massive around the globe. However, links to the same field have specific jobs, sizes, and salary ranges. This article explores the present scope, capacity and earning potential of computer sciences vs computer engineering as after professional BS/MS in computer science and computer engineering can open doors in which direction.  

Introduction to Computer Science 

Computer Science (CS) revolves around computers. However, under the banner of computer science, the theocraticals of functioning and software are included. In addition to the basics, the functioning is taken as a study plan. Software development, advancements, like artificial intelligence (AI) and web development falls under computer science.  

Brief of Computer Engineering  

Like CS, Computer Engineering (CE) focuses on computers, but as it links with engineering, the hardware, connections, and computer structural design remains under focus. The combination of electrical engineering and technology opens doors for various new tech-ups and job market skills. Game development, network development, and computer architecture cover under computer engineering.  

Professional Degree Options in Computer Sciences 

In Pakistan, computers and technology have rapidly grown and captured students’ interest over the last decade. Professional education starts with a university degree. In Pakistan, students can get a BS in Computer Science to create a professional career in computer sciences.  

Urban centres like Islamabad are offering BS Computer Science in Islamabad from universities. CUST, for instance, is a private institution focusing on the field of science and technology.  

In BS Computer Science, students can learn about the majority of computer science research focusing on software-level problem-solving. Students can anticipate learning how to use operating systems, various programming languages, and database maintenance techniques. After BS Computer Science in Islamabad, Students can become computer scientists from a reputed institution like CUST.  

Degree in Computer Engineering 

Similarly, students interested in computer structures and design can opt for computer engineering. Professional education starts with BS in Computer Engineering at the university level. CUST is also offering BS in Computer Engineering in Islamabad.  

The main goals of BS Computer Engineering are problem-solving and creating hardware and software interfaces. Since computer engineers can become in charge of developing and prototyping software and hardware simultaneously, expect some parallels between the degrees and job titles of computer sciences and computer engineering. In Pakistan, students can get BS Computer Engineering in Islamabad from CUST.  

Development of Skill Set  

Both computer science (CS) and computer engineering (CE) share the fundamental idea of working with computers and computing-based technology. However, there are also some significant distinctions in each discipline’s academic and practical emphasis. 

To begin with, CS and CE are both highly technical subjects that concentrate on researching computers and computer information systems. The inner workings of a computer’s hardware system and the complexity of computer software must be understood if you want to work as a computer scientist or computer engineer. Additionally, students need to improve their programming abilities, which includes becoming fluent in several computer-based languages. 

To differentiate between computer science and computer engineering, it is essential to note that after doing BS Computer Science from CUST, students will be skilled in the following to work as computer scientists.  

• Software development 
• Information system design
• Knowledge/fluency in computer languages such as Java, JavaScript, and SQL 
• Theoretical solid mathematical background in linear algebra and statistics 
• Technical Writing & Presentations to Publish the findings 

On the contrary, the students enrolled in BS Computer Engineering CE in CUST will develop their skills as professional computer engineers.  

• Software engineering, including coding, testing, programming, and implementing the design 
• In-depth knowledge and practice with computer hardware 
• Proficiency and fluency in computer languages such as Assembly, C++, and Perl 
• Problem-solving Abilities, Including Mathematics and  
• Communication and Interpersonal skill development 

Market Outlook for CS vs CE 

The market outlook for professional computer scientists, computer engineers, programmers, data scientists, and tech support personnel is ever-increasing. The demand is increasing worldwide, and Pakistan is not an exception for sure.  

By 2031, it is anticipated by the US bureau of labour statistics that computer and mathematical occupations will enjoy employment growth that is 15.4% faster than average. Demand for computer jobs will be fuelled by increasing demand for IT services, especially cybersecurity services and cloud computing. 

The Internet of Things (IoT) and the connectedness of consumer goods and industrial machinery are among the elements that are contributing to the expected significant development in data for mathematical jobs, as well as the demand for data collection and analysis.  

Data scientists, information security analysts, and statisticians are three of the ten fastest expanding careers in the computer and mathematics fields. Additionally, throughout the ten years from 2021 to 2031, software engineers are predicted to see the third-largest employment growth of any profession. 

According to this research, the scope of both computer science and computer engineering is positively impacted and has immense potential.  

Job Scope for Computer Science 

After doing BS Computer Science in Pakistan, students would be able to initiate their professional careers in the following positions.  

• Database administrator 
• Data scientist 
• Systems analyst 
• Software Developer 
• Software quality assurance manager 
• Web developer 
• Computer programmer 
• Computer support specialist 
• AI (Artificial Intelligence) research scientist 

Scope of Job for Computer Engineering 

Choosing BS Computer Engineering in university, the students will have the following career perspectives to earn handsomely. In addition, the career development after BS computer engineering is as understated. Computer Engineering combines electrical engineering and computers together to offer the following fields.  

• Computer architect 
• Circuit designer 
• Communications engineer 
• Network systems engineer 
• Network architect 
• Systems programmer 
• Systems architect 
• Systems Engineer 
• Hardware engineer 
• Game developer 
• Forensic computer analyst 
• Computer research scientist 

Salary Ranges for Computer Science 

Computer Programmers is one of the career possibilities after doing BS Computer Science. While working in Pakistan, students get an average of PKR 900000/- pay in their career.  

However, according to the occupational outlook handbook, the median annual wage for computer programmers was $93,000 in May 2021. In addition, there were 174400 jobs in 2021 in the US.  

Salary Range for Computer Engineering 

Around the world, after doing BS in Computer Engineering, one can start a career as a professional computer engineer, either as a computer architect, database administrator, or any of the posts stated above. According to the US bureau of labour statistics, the average salary of a computer architect for 2021 was around $48.56 per hour and $101,000 annually. Further, career growth has been anticipated at 9% growth for 2031.  

In Pakistan, according to the records, the average pay of a network engineer profession was recorded at PKR 491,276/- 

What to choose between BS Computer Science and BS Computer Engineering 

Both BS Computer Science and BS Computer Engineering are promising career paths in the computer and technology field. However, you can choose any of these per your interests and priorities. However, you can choose to do BS Computer Science in Islamabad and BS Computer Engineering in Islamabad from CUST for better exposure and a practical outlook.  

After completing a bachelor’s, students can pursue a master’s degree in their field.  

Admissions Open at CUST for BS Computer Science & Computer Engineering  

If you are interested in pursuing a professional degree in BS computer science or BS computer engineering from a prestigious institution with better exposure to opportunities and skill development to ace the professional life, you should go for CUST. The good news for you is that the admissions for 2022 at CUST for BS Computer Science and BS Computer Engineering are open now. You can follow the admission procedure here.  

Education institutions in Pakistan offer a bachelor’s degree of four years. The students must participate in eight semesters for degree completion. Afterwards, they get a chance to enter professional life. Students can make it directly to M.Phil. and then doctorate after completing a BS degree program. But the students who are interested in learning business administration but do not have enough time and resources to invest in four years BS program should go for a 2-year Business Administration Program from a reputed university.  

ADP (Associate Degree Program) Business Administration 

Associate Degree Program in Business Administration is the two-year program available in Pakistan. Some of the prominent universities are offering the ADP Business Administration. The programs are in accordance with the guidelines of the higher education commission (HEC). 

Career Development Options 

There is a variety of career development options available in the Associate Degree Program, majoring in Business Administration. The curriculum is designed with the industry requirements for the latest trends and techniques.  

After completing ADP Business Administration, a prosperous career awaits in the following fields.  

• Education Sector 
• Marketing Agencies 
• Human Resource 
• Administration 
• Sales 

Scheme of Studies in Associate Degree Program (ADP) 

In associate degree programs, various business-related subjects are taught. Management, Marketing, Finance, Economics, Business Law, and Business Communications are included. The complete list includes some other subjects besides the elective subjects per the program and specialization scope.  

UCP (University of Central Punjab) Colleges- ADP Programs 

University Of Central Punjab (UCP) offers associate degree programs in its constituent colleges.

These programs’ details are available here.  

Benefits of Enrolling in ADP Business Administration 

Students will have numerous benefits while getting enrolled in an associate degree program in business administration. Some of them are as follows.  

Job Opportunities 

One of the fastest-growing businesses in the world is commerce and business, and the demand for these services far outpaces the supply. Your prospects of finding work following the training will therefore be greatly increased. 

Many students receive positions after the course with banks, insurance firms, governmental agencies, accounting firms, or other relevant businesses. After completing their internships, many interns land long-term jobs, while others choose to pursue advanced degrees in business fields. 

Half Duration Degree 

Four years of full-time study are typically needed to earn a college degree. Diploma programmes differ from them in that they are more focused and less time-consuming. These courses, which often last one to two years, will rapidly prepare one for the job market. Learning about the newest trends and technologies is beneficial. 

Multiple Career Options 

The business administration associate degree programme enables students to investigate a wide range of alternative job paths. For instance, if a person is unsure whether they want to work in the marketing or accounting industries, they can research ADP and take classes in both to gauge their enthusiasm in the respective fields. 

Low-Cost Option 

Due to the excessive cost of tuition, many people choose not to enrol in a full-length degree programme. People who are struggling financially rely on scholarships to enrol in four-year programmes. However, associate degree programmes are significantly less expensive and time-consuming than traditional degrees. 

Scholarships and Concessions 

The associate degree program by UCP colleges offers a wide variety of scholarships and concessions to the students of ADP Business Administration. This is the continuity of Punjab Group of Colleges’ traditions and the sister institutions. Hard work and needs are always addressed at the Punjab Group.  

The students can get scholarships and concessions on merit, need, circumstances and certain situations. You can go through the details and eligibility of scholarships and concessions here. 

Final Word 

Therefore, it is always a promising idea to go for the 2-year associate degree program at UCP Colleges. The quality of education is maintained in addition to the extensive career opportunities. Furthermore, scholarships and concession options are also available.  

  

FSC Pre-Engineering is your gateway to a prosperous career in chemical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering. To enrol in an educational institution that is the synonym for excellence and quality in the education sector in Pakistan with a history of 37 years, get yourself enrolled in PGC FSC Pre Engineering through online admissions PGC 2022. Please read the article to know the benefits and do it now before the last date gets off.  

Introduction to FSC Pre Engineering at PGC  

The FSC Pre-Engineering programme is one of the most reliable options for students who want to pursue successful careers in a variety of engineering sectors. The programme serves as a springboard for preparing students to pursue bachelor’s degrees in prestigious universities and colleges.  

Subjects in FSC Pre Engineering Part I-II    

Punjab Group of Colleges PGC offers a rich curriculum for FSC Pre Engineering aligned with the guidelines of national boards’ approved curriculum. Students will learn the following subjects in their 11th and 12th classes.  

1. Urdu  
2. English  
3. Islamic Studies  
4. Pakistan Studies  
5. Physics  
6. Chemistry  
7. Mathematics  

PGC incorporates the rich values of innovation, discipline, integrity, and empathy. Also, the technology is duly employed in teaching and training students to acing their tomorrow. For the same reason, online admissions PGC are commenced on the web portal. 

Record of Past Positions 

In 2020, there were 153 top positions bagged by the students all over the boards. The students of FSC engineering were also in the winning positions.  Position grabbing is a continuous phenomenon that is linked with PGC. This highlights the quality and assurance of the promises we deliver. 

Duration of FSC Pre Engineering I-II   

It takes two years to complete the curriculum. First-year and second-year final exams are conducted separately by the national boards of intermediate and secondary education, commonly known as BISE.  

State-of-the-Art Facilities at PGC for Pre-Engineering  

Punjab Group of Colleges (PGC) offers state-of-the-art facilities to its students enrolled in FSC Pre Engineering. The students will enjoy their education at PGC campuses.  

• Qualified and Trained Faculty  
• Well Equipped and Updated Labs   
• Availability of Books and Reference Materials at Libraries  
• Uninterrupted Power Supply  
• Water Filtration Plants  
• Digitally Equipped Classrooms  

Scholarships and Financial Assistance at PGC Pre-Engineering  

Students can have a wide variety of financial assistance and scholarship options in the Punjab Group of Colleges. The types of scholarships are described below.  

• Merit Scholarship  
• Financial Assistance  
• 1122 Workers Concession  
• Teachers’ Children Concession  
• Kinship Concessions  
• Shuhada’s Children  
• Orphan Students  
• Need-Based Scholarships  
• Special Circumstantial Coverage  

The details of scholarships and concessions are available here.  

Extra-Curricular Activities at Punjab Group of Colleges  

Students will have a massively enjoyable atmosphere during their stay at Punjab Colleges for FSC Pre Engineering. Students can get their hobbies and talents addressed at PGC in addition to the focus on their studies. Certain societies and clubs are available that support diverse objectives. The details are available below.  

• Debating Society  
• Dramatic Society  
• Music Society  
• Literary Circle  
• Sports Club  
• Health Awareness Club  
• Go Green Club  
• Science Club  
• Arts Club  
• Tourism Club  
• IT Club  
• Young Entrepreneur Club  
• Welfare Society  
• Islamic Society  
• Photography Society  

You can know here if you are interested in learning more about societies and clubs!  

Admissions are Open for FSC Pre Engineering 2022  

In 2022, as the matric results are declared, Punjab Colleges are accepting new batches for FSC Pre Engineering 2022. The online admissions PGC are open. You can fill out the form here.  

Do not Miss the Last Date of FSC Pre Engineering 2022  

It is essential to apply as soon as possible if you are interested in earning the FSC pre-engineering with clarity of concepts and awareness of the future dimensions. Punjab Colleges prepare their students for a better future through working knowledge and promising skills developments. However, visiting your nearest Punjab College Campus is essential to ensure your admission. Because every campus enrols its students as per their capacity, do not wait for the last date and visit your campus today to get admission to PGC pre-engineering 2022.